Page 182 - PC2019 Program & Proceedings

PLANT CANADA 2019

S149. Molecular characterization and quantification of mycotoxins produced by Fusarium spp
*
Durrani, P. ; B.M. Pillai
Mahidol University

Fusaric acid is one of the important mycotoxin of the Fusarium species and is of concern to agro-
economics. It is produced by Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium verticilloides species. Fusaric acid aids
to the pathogenecity of these strains. Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium moniliforme are Fusarium wilt
and Bakane disease that has been a reason to world pandemics. The vital gene involved in the production
of the fusaric acid is FUB1 gene. In order to detect the presence of FUB1 gene in the strains available at
PCMC laboratory of COMSATS Islamabad and designed the sets of primers against this conserved
region of FUB1 gene. DNA quantification was done and the concentration was observed through nano-
drop with the range scale between 36.7 ng to 204ng. The FUB1 region was amplified through PCR
amplification and amplification with the product size of 375bp was achieved at 45ºC. Both Fusarium
species i.e. F.oxysporum and F.moniliforme were detected with the presence of PKS encoding FUB1 gene
which is responsible for the synthesis of fusaric acid. This is an ongoing research towards structural
remodeling of Fusaric acid into its antimicrobial effect.

Palwasha Durrani (palwashadurrani@hotmail.com)

S150. Evaluation of acetolactate synthase inhibitors in Chenopodium album L. populations in
Ontario
2
1
1
Mo, C. ; F. Tardif ; I. Rajcan ; M. Cowbrough
*1
2
1 University of Guelph; Government of Ontario
Common lamb’s-quarters (Chenopodium album L.) is an annual dicot plant that is highly adaptable and
competitive with major global crops. Left uncontrolled, common lamb’s-quarters can cause a 55-95% and
60-75% yield loss in Ontario corn and soybeans, respectively. Long seed dormancy and high fecundity
make this species persistent and hard to manage. Historical uses of acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors,
a group of herbicides that inhibit branched-chain amino acid production, were efficacious in common
lamb’s-quarters control. However, common lamb’s-quarters was documented to be resistant to two
subclasses of ALS inhibitors in Canada. Differential response to the ALS herbicide subgroups were
examined in this study. Four post-emergent ALS inhibitor classes were evaluated against two susceptible
and two resistant biotypes of common lamb’s-quarters at different biologically active rates. Above ground
biomass was collected and dry weight was plotted as a dose response curve to generate a growth rate 50
(GR50) value. Resistant biotypes displayed anywhere from 2 to 20 fold resistance to the ALS inhibitors
used, suggesting cross-resistance between four of the five subclasses of this herbicide group, two more
than previously documented. Thiencarbazone-methyl, a newer molecule was more effective at controlling
common lamb’s-quarters populations than historically used ALS inhibitors. The results suggest that an
underlying mechanism or mutation is responsible for the rapid development of acetolactate synthase
resistance in Ontario populations of common lamb’s-quarters.

Clement Mo (moc@uoguelph.ca)

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