Page 215 - Plant Canada 2024 Proceeding

PLANT CANADA 2024

Heterodera glycines, establishing the presence of SCN in the field. The maximum egg density was 7,797
-3
eggs 100 cm soil, which is moderate to high for SCN levels, concentrated in the centre of the patch.
Densities tapered to zero in visually healthy soybean growth areas. We were then curious if SCN had
spread to other areas of the field and thus sampled the entire 93-acre field using a 1-acre grid pattern,
yielding 91 soil samples. Four cores were taken at evenly spaced points within each grid, from 0 to 20 cm
depth, and then composited for analysis. Soil samples were extracted for eggs, eggs stained, and
counted to determine soil densities. Analysis of soil properties, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total
nitrogen (TN), soil organic carbon content (SOC), and the C:N ratio, were also done. Data analysis was
conducted using SAS University, transformed to fit normality. Multiple Linear Regression was employed
for modeling density relation to soil properties. No statistically significant correlations between soil
properties and SCN egg counts were observed at the 5% significance level. The maximum observed egg
-3
count was 933 eggs 100 cm soil, and the spatial distribution of SCN eggs reflected a nematode spread
pattern based on translocation within the field. The highest egg density was at the affected field entrance,
with spread in a north-south orientation attributed to direction of soil disturbance during seeding and
tillage operations. Of note, the entrance area with SCN disease symptomology and highest egg densities
did not reach complete reproductive maturity and consequently did not yield.

*[P24] SMOKE SIGNALING: VOLATILE TERPENES RELEASED IN BURNING ARTEMISIA
1
TRIDENTATA NUTT. ARE ACCUMULATED IN GRAPEVINES.
Alisha Greene , Susan J Murch , and
1
Robert O’Brien . Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Syilx Okanagan Nation
2 1
2
Territory, Kelowna, BC, Canada, V1V 1V7; and Supra Research and Development, Kelowna, BC, V1X
6Y5

Correspondence to: susan.murch@ubc.ca

Indigenous plants growing near vineyards emit volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that can influence
grapevines and wine characteristics. Like humans, plants communicate with their relatives. Literature
shows that Artemisia tridentata, commonly known as Big Sagebrush, communicates by releasing
terpenes that trigger different physiological responses in related and kin plants With A. tridentata
frequently found in the South Okanagan, where it often shares habitat with vineyards, understanding the
impact of these terpenes on grapevines is essential to understanding wine terroir. We hypothesized that
volatiles released in burning Artemisia tridentata accumulate in grapevines, potentially affecting wine
production. Grapevines were subjected to cohabitation with A. tridentata and exposed to both
atmospheric and collected smoke from the plant. Using a previously developed and validated GC-MS

method, terpene accumulation in the grapevines was determined, An untargeted metabolomics
experiment by high resolution mass spectrometry (OrbiTrap) approach was used to putatively identify the
degradation metabolites of terpenes in the grapevines. A. tridentata-exposed vines were shown to have
increased levels of camphor and its degradation products, as well as other terpenes present in the
monoterpenoid biosynthesis pathway. Given that aromatic compounds play a crucial role in shaping the
flavour and aroma profiles of wine varietals, understanding how grapevines respond to these
environmental cues is important.
Keywords: Wine grapevines, Vitis vinifera, Artemisia tridentata, smoke chemistry, volatile organic
compounds

[P25] RESISTANCE MECHANISMS TO FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT IN WINTER WHEAT IN
RESPONSE TO FUSARIUM GRAMINEARUM. Maria A. Henriquez , Philip L. Walker , Mark F.
1
1
Belmonte , Brent D. McCallum , Curt A. McCartney , and Harpinder S. Randhawa . Morden Research
2
1
4 1
3
and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden MB, Canada; Department of
2
3
Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, 50 Sifton Road, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2; Department of
Plant Sciences, University of Manitoba, 66 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2; and Lethbridge
4
Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
Correspondence to: mariaantonia.henriquez@agr.gc.ca

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating fungal disease responsible for significant yield losses in
wheat and other cereal crops across the globe. FHB infection of wheat heads results in grain
contamination with mycotoxins, ultimately reducing both grain quality and yield. Breeding strategies have
resulted in the production of FHB-resistance, however, the underlying genetic mechanisms of resistance
in the majority of these cultivars are still poorly understood. In this research, we provided insights into the
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