Page 150 - Plant Canada 2024 Proceeding

PLANT CANADA 2024

research underscores the critical role of specific microbial communities in developing soil conditions that
suppress both SDS and SCN effectively. The identification of these key microbial agents has the potential
to lead to the development of biocontrol strategies, offering new, sustainable (both economically and
environmentally) recommendations for growers to minimize the impact of these pests. This approach not
only aims to enhance yield and reduce losses but also contributes to the broader goal of sustainable
agriculture.

[O96] PREVALANCE STUDY AND EVALUATION OF COMMERCIAL CULTIVARS AS AN IMMEDIATE
MEASURE TO FIND VERTICILLIUM MANAGEMENT OPTIONS ON CANOLA. Venkat Chapara , Anitha
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Chirumamilla , Amanda Arens , and Larissa Jennings . North Dakota State University/Langdon
Research Extension Center
Correspondence to: venkata.chapara@ndsu.edu

The disease verticillium stripe on canola caused by a soil-borne pathogen, Verticillium longisporum, was
found recently in North Dakota (ND). An extensive survey was conducted in major canola-growing
counties of ND to determine the prevalence of the disease verticillium stripe. After swathing or harvesting
in the fall, the survey was done by inspecting canola stubbles for disease infections with Verticillium
stripe. Twelve canola-growing counties in ND were targeted, with a minimum of four to five fields scouted
in each County. However, thirty fields were scouted in Cavalier County, the central canola-growing
County in North Dakota. The survey group walked in a "W" pattern, stopping at five spots and uprooting
twenty stem stubbles from the ground at every spot after swathing or straight-cut to harvest. Each
sampling point was separated by 328 feet. In all, the roots of a hundred canola stubbles with likely
infection of verticillium were collected, bagged, and labeled with the field location. All the symptomatic
stems with roots were evaluated for incidence by cross-section clipping of canola stems just half an inch
below ground level. For the cultivar screening study, eleven commercial canola cultivars with unknown
resistance to verticillium stripe were planted to monitor the resistance level against the pathogen V.
longisporum under field conditions. The trial was planted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD)
with four replications. The amount of verticillium stripe infection obtained in the research plots was from
artificial inoculum. Statistical analysis was done using Agrobase Generation II software. Fisher's least
significant difference (LSD) was used to compare means at p (α = 0.05). The percentage of incidence and
severity of verticillium stripe in cultivar evaluation was done using the prevalence study procedure. The
survey results indicated that the presence of verticillium stripe was found in low amounts in eleven out of
twelve counties surveyed. None of the cultivars showed resistance to verticillium stripe and were
statistically non-significant from each other, with a mean incidence and severity of 35% and 9%,
respectively. This study's results will create awareness of the presence of verticillium stripes in canola-
growing counties and the lack of cultivar resistance in the commercially growing cultivars of canola in ND.

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[O97] GINSENOSIDE MOBILITY IN GINSENG GARDEN SOIL. Andrew Rabas and Mark A. Bernards .
1 Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, Canada, N6A 3K7
Correspondence to: arabas@uwo.ca

American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) is a perennial herbaceous plant that matures over several years.
It is primarily cultivated for its high value in Traditional Chinese medicine in Asia. However, ginseng
growers face the significant challenge of ginseng replant disease (GRD), which refers to the enduring
negative effects of ginseng cropping on subsequent plantings, regardless of intervals, extending beyond
normal pathogen carryover. Alongside pathogens, it is speculated that ginsenosides, secondary
metabolites produced by ginseng, may contribute to GRD as they possess phytotoxic properties that
inhibit ginseng seed germination. Ginsenosides can be further categorized as protopanaxadiols (PPD)
and protopanaxatriols (PPT), as they differ in hydroxylation and glycosylation patterns. While it is known
that ginsenosides are released by ginseng into their surrounding soil, little is known about their fate once
in the soil. My project aimed to explore the behaviour of ginsenosides in ginseng garden soil, focusing on
the capacity for soil particles to bind them and their movement through the soil matrix. Five different
concentrations of ginsenosides were applied to columns filled with soil collected from a ginseng garden,
and water was used to promote their movement. Ginsenosides in the initial flowthrough (i.e. unbound
ginsenosides) and subsequent washings were processed using LCMS. After 10 weeks, each soil column
was segmented, and the distribution of ginsenosides within the soil column was established through
extraction and LCMS analysis. Analysis of the initial flowthrough and subsequent washings revealed a

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