Page 200 - PC2019 Program & Proceedings

PLANT CANADA 2019

S185. Systematics and biogeography in the ecologically conserved pantropical rainforest genus
Crudia (Leguminosae)
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Domenech, B. ; M. de la Estrella ; L. Paganucci de Queiroz ; R. Barbosa Pinto ; C. Snak ; R.
Steeves ; Bruneau, A.
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1 Université de Montréal
2 Universidad de Córdoba
3 Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana
4 Universidade Federal de Goiás
5 Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada
Studying the evolution of widely distributed lineages in conjunction with past geological events and
climatic features leads to a better understanding of life’s history on Earth. Here, we investigate the
systematics and biogeography of the pantropical genus Crudia (Leguminosae, Detarioideae) using
sequences from five nuclear loci (ETS, ITS, AGT1, AIGP, CALTL) and a broad taxonomic and
geographic species sampling. We also characterise ecological niches of Crudia using bioclimatic
variables to look at niche conservatism across continents. Our Bayesian inference phylogenetic analysis
strongly supports Crudia as monophyletic and reveals a clade of Asian species sister to a clade of African
and American species. While species assignments using both molecular phylogeny and traditional
taxonomy are generally congruent, relationships among species within each clade remain mostly
unresolved, particularly in the Asian clade. Biogeographical and divergence time analyses show the genus
Crudia first evolved during the Eocene from an African ancestor, and subsequently migrated
independently to South America and Southeastern Asia, either through terrestrial boreotropical migration
or long distance oceanic dispersal, in the Miocene. Although occurring in superficially similar lowland
rainforest habitats on the three continents, our analyses indicate that the ecological niches of Crudia
species differ between continents suggesting local adaptations of species after migration in the Miocene.

Anne Bruneau (anne.bruneau@umontreal.ca)

S186. Botany and textiles: The Indian Ocean connection
Metsger, D. (Royal Ontario Museum)
Royal Ontario Museum

Trade, exploration and empire building in the sixteenth, seventeenth and eighteenth centuries led to the
movement of plants around the globe, revolutionary advances in the process of identifying and naming
plants, a golden age of botanical art and illustration and a world-wide network of botanical gardens. The
botanical renaissance and cross-cultural exchanges were manifest in the decorative arts of the period
particularly those on Indian painted cottons – chintz – produced for the European market. Standard
botanical identification techniques were combined with an aesthetic appraisal of recognized plant-based
motifs to identify the elaborate flowers on eighteenth century chintz in the Royal Ontario Museum’s
Textile Collection. The suite of common species, including tulip, rose, carnation, poppy, peony and
chrysanthemum reflect the influence art and culture of the Middle East, Asia and Europe carried through
trade over time. The botanical assessments increased the number of recognizable taxa from what had
previously been catalogued or described and linked motifs thought to be geometric patterns to real plant
parts like fruits and filiform leaves. The botanical assessments also raised the question of how experience
of the flora of the Indian subcontinent, both native and introduced, along with the countries rich artistic
heritage might have inspired the creation of the seemingly fantastical flowers by local artists.

Deborah Metsger (debm@rom.on.ca)

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